Preface
1. The Middle Ages and Their Heritage: The Idea of the Unity of Christendom
Section One (c. 800-c. 1046)
2. The Revival of Empire: Charlemagne to Henry III
3. Serfdom and Feudalism
4. Religious and Political Ideals
Section Two (c. 1046-c. 1216)
5. Empire and Papacy: The Beginning of the Struggle
6. The Expansion of Europe
7. New Movements in Thought and Letters
8. The Twelfth-Century Revolution in Government
9. The Crusades
10. Innocent III: The Papacy Triumphant
Section III (c. 1216-c. 1330)
11. The Universities and the Friars: St. Thomas, St. Francis, and Abbot Joachim
12. The Struggle of the Popes and the Hohenstaufen
13. The Crusade in the Thirteenth Century
14. France and England: The Growth of National Communities
15. Boniface VIII and the Onset of Crisis in the Church
Section Four (c. 1330-c. 1460)
16. Economic and Social Development in the Later Middle Ages
17. The Hundred Years War
18. Politics and Political Society in an Age of Wars
19. Upheaval in the Church: Avignon, the Great Schism and the Councils
20. Europe and the Infidel After the Crusades
21. Epilogue: The Break with Traditional Attitudes
Appendix: Tables of the Royal Houses and Popes
Bibliography
Index
